大宋官窑瓷的艺术特色

 

  中国制瓷史上的官、民窑是封建等级制度的生动反映。官窑器泛指官办窑厂专为皇室烧制的御用瓷器。和民窑器相比,官窑器在工艺上精益求精,不惜成本,多为传世珍品,量少而质高,反映了当时的制瓷最高水准。宋词在装饰上追求自然本色,反对人为藻饰,象山水画中:“霞不重以丹青,云不重以彩绘,恐失其岚光野色,自然之气也”,因此,宋官窑瓷以其淡雅清秀、自然大气、含蓄凝重,而千古留传。民窑器属于自给自足性生产,质量参差不齐,偶有珍品。宋官窑瓷由于上层社会对它表现出一种特别持久不衰的迷恋与偏爱,无论在制瓷工艺和艺术诸方面,直到现在仍保持着世界领先的地位,所以历代制瓷工匠都以宋瓷为楷模。
  The classification of imperial kiln and folk kiln in the porcelain manufacture history of China is a vivid presentation of the feudal hierarchical system. Imperial kiln wares generally refer to the imperial porcelains dedicated to the royal family. Compared with folk porcelain wares, the imperial wares were technologically excelsior, regardless of the cost, and most of them are treasures with a high quality but a low quantity, which has reflected the highest level of porcelain manufacture at that time. The Song porcelain advocates a natural quality on the decoration and objects the artificial embellishment, just like the description of “no emphasis will be given to painting for the haze or to the colored drawing for the clouds due to the concern of losing the natural color and quality of the haze and rays”; therefore, the imperial porcelains of Song Dynasty are bequeathed from ancient times with its simpleness, elegance, natural quality and magnificence, connotation and profoundness. The folk porcelains were manufactured in order to meet the demands, with inconsistent quality, so the treasure is rarely found; while the imperial porcelain has been able to keep its leading place up till now both regarding the production technology and artistic appreciation, because of the standing infatuation and favor from the upper classes of the society. So the porcelain-making workmen in the following dynasties
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